Intergenerational Bridges or High Walls of Conflict?—A Study of Intergenerational Communication Patterns and Conflict Resolution in Family Aging

家庭养老背景下，代际间的和谐交流是影响老年人的身心健康的关键因素，若沟通机制失效导致冲突发生，不仅会损害老年人的养老质量，还会破坏代际和谐关系。为推动代际和谐及家庭养老模式的可持续发展，本研究对江苏省南京市的48位老人及其子女进行深入访谈，以“家庭养老中的代际沟通模式及其冲突解决机制”为核心议题，运用扎根理论编码分析方法系统研究家庭养老情境下代际沟通的模式构成，并建立有效的冲突解决机制。研究发现代际沟通模式由沟通方式、内容和偏向三个维度构成，这些因素在沟通过程中形成潜在的冲突动因，为后续冲突的发生埋下隐患。当存在前置条件并触发代际冲突时，代际冲突主要表现为思想观念冲突和行为选择冲突两个方面，明确冲突根源。最后，针对已识别的冲突类型及其根源，通过增强代际尊重理解、合理分担经济责任以及优化代际沟通互动，能够有效缓解当前的沟通冲突，从而促进代际和谐。Under the background of family-based elderly care, harmonious intergenerational communication is an important factor that affects the physical and mental health of the elderly. If the communication mechanism fails and conflicts arise, it will not only undermine the quality of elderly care, but also damage the harmonious relationship between generations. In order to promote intergenerational harmony and the sustainable development of the family-based elderly care model, this study conducted in-depth interviews with 48 elderly people and their children in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, focusing on the core issue of “interge-nerational communication patterns and conflict resolution mechanisms in family-based elderly care”. Using the grounded theory coding analysis method, this study systematically explored the composition of intergenerational communication patterns in the context of family-based elderly care and established an effective conflict resolution mechanism. The research found that intergenerational communication patterns consist of three dimensions: communication methods, content and bias. These factors form potential conflict triggers during the communication process and lay the groundwork for subsequent conflict. When preconditions and triggers for intergenerational conflict exist, they mainly manifest themselves as conflicts of ideas and conflicts of behavioural choices. Finally, the identified conflict types and their root causes can be effectively mitigated and intergenerational harmony promoted by enhancing intergenerational respect and understanding, sharing economic responsibilities appropriately, and optimising intergenerational communication and interaction.