An Evidence-based Review of the Clinical Effectiveness of Ovarian Tissue Cryopreservation and Transplantation Versus Oocyte Cryopreservation and Subsequent IVF in Adult Women Who Require Fertility Preservation Before Undergoing Gonadotoxic Treatments

Introduction: Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) and transplantation and oocyte cryopreservation (OC) are pivotal fertility preservation techniques for women facing infertility due to gonadotoxic treatments. This review compares the clinical effectiveness of these methods in adult women. Methods: A literature search on PubMed was conducted, identifying experimental, case–control and cohort studies from 1994 to 2025 that assessed OTC and transplantation versus OC and in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Results: A total of 13 studies involving 4,698 patients were included. OTC demonstrated promise for restoring ovarian function, particularly in young adult women, while OC yielded higher live-birth rates, especially among women under 35. Conclusion: Both OTC and transplantation and OC are clinically effective for fertility preservation in adult women. The choice of method should be individualised, considering the patient’s clinical scenario, age and personal preferences, ensuring informed reproductive decisions.