Iterative Computerized Method for Designing Achromatic Optical Systems with Shelled Ball Lens

Many optical studies concentrate on designing achromatic lenses to limit the effects of chromatic and spherical aberration. Most of these studies concentrate on manipulating the profile of surfaces with complex aspheric surfaces. In this study another approach is producing, an optical concentric symmetry (spherical ball – spherical shell) system was optically designed and evaluated. The computational method in MATLAB, an iterative mathematical model, and Fermat's and symmetry principles were used to determine the optical design constructive parameters. The validity of the iterative computerized method to design an achromatic optical system was evaluated for three optical designs. These three designs were tested monochromatically and with Fraunhofer wavelengths for infinite conjugate. In addition, the ZEMAX was used to evaluate the optical designs for aberrations and spherochromatism in the optical systems. The spherochromatism analysis was done for three visible lines (Fraunhofer wavelengths) that fall inside the Airy disk and prove the diffracted limit by spot diagram analysis. This radially un-gradient index of symmetry concentric polymeric (three optical designs) was tested in a balanced focal ratio that appeared Sterhl ratio greater than 0.96.