Numerical Simulation Study on Damage Effects of Explosive Impact on Steel Shipping Container Structures

Based on in-situ explosion impact test data, this study systematically investigates the dynamic response and damage mechanisms of the top structure of a marine shipping container under various explosion conditions using finite element simulation methods. Multiple simulations with different initiation points and explosion distances were conducted on the container's top surface to analyze stress concentration phenomena, damage distribution characteristics, and displacement response of the top panel under explosive loading. Results indicate that the position and distance of the explosion initiation significantly influence the container's damage patterns. Particularly, stress concentration regions at the beam-to-panel connection serve as structural weak points prone to damage. Additionally, as the detonation position deviates from the top center, the peak displacement of the top panel decreases, and the fitting analysis validates the reliability of this relationship. These findings reveal the limitations of current container structural designs in terms of blast resistance, providing a theoretical basis and data support for enhancing the blast resistance of shipping containers and optimizing structural design.