An Experimental Study on the Thermal Characteristics of a Plate Heat Exchanger Based on a Water-Steam Dual Heat Source

Background: Global environmental problems are becoming increasingly severe. In this regard, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, known for their high energy density, fast startup, and clean, pollution-free operation, show promising application prospects in power generation, transportation, and other fields. However, a significant amount of heat is wasted during the operation of these fuel cells. Objectives: This study aims to design a plate heat exchanger that utilizes a water–steam dual heat source, drawing on concepts and technologies from recently published patents and journal articles. It investigates the impact of changes in the inlet conditions of the plate heat exchanger on its thermal characteristics. Methods: The research involves designing a plate heat exchanger, which utilizes a water-steam dual heat source, and analyzing the effects of varying inlet conditions on its thermal performance. This study is based on a review of recent patents and journal papers. Results: As the steam temperature increases, the heat exchange of steam accounts for up to 40% of the total heat exchange. Conversely, as the temperature of the coolant increases, the heat exchange of the coolant accounts for up to 82% of the total heat exchange. Moreover, the coolant side exhibits a higher heat transfer coefficient than that on the steam side, indicating that the coolant side plays a major role in the heat transfer process within the dual heat source plate heat exchanger. The heat transfer efficiency decreases with an increase in steam temperature but increases with an increase in coolant temperature. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into multi-heat source waste heat recovery, highlighting the significant role of coolant in enhancing heat transfer efficiency in dual heat source plate heat exchangers.