Models of Urban Development as a Spatial Continuum of the Historic Centre of the Town of Prusice, Poland, in the Context of Its New Economic Opportunities

Abstract The research problem presented concerns a spatial development model of a small historic town in the context of new opportunities for economic growth. The problem was analysed on the example of the town of Prusice in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. The new development conditions are the construction of the S5 express road, which results in the designation of an economic activity zone and increasing demand for housing. The research by design method and a comparative case study approach were applied. The research material consisted of projects carried out at the Academy of Silesia (2021/2022 academic year), which were prepared in cooperation with the municipality of Prusice. Design proposals as various models for the development of the spatial structure of the town of Prusice led to the main conclusions and recommendations regarding the spatial development of the town. It was demonstrated that a multifunctional urban space was required to improve the quality of life in the town. It is important to connect the historical central block-based structure with new mixed-use complexes. As an alternative, a ‘new town’ was proposed with central and residential functions. Also, possibilities for shaping formal entrance areas were indicated, which would enhance the perception of the town’s landscape. The solutions developed mostly represent contemporary urban ideas and respond to main theoretic urban challenges. Prusice utilised the results in a new study of the conditions and directions of spatial development. As a solution to the problem of creating new dispersed residential areas, clear spatial and functional connections were proposed between the historic urban fabric (the centre) and neighbouring areas. This would allow for sustainable development based on the concept of a compact town and protection of the surrounding natural and agricultural landscapes – avoiding urban sprawl.