Optimized solar PV integration for voltage enhancement and loss reduction in the Kombolcha distribution system using hybrid grey wolf-particle swarm optimization

Voltage instability and excessive power losses are common challenges in distribution networks. This research investigates optimal integration of solar photovoltaic distributed generation units so as to improve voltage profiles and reduce power losses contributing greatly to sustainable energy goals. A hybrid optimization approach combining Particle Swarm Optimization and Grey Wolf Optimization algorithms is proposed for determining optimal sizing and placement of PV-based DGs. Study focuses on Kombolcha town Feeder-3 distribution network consisting of 131 buses where mathematical model and load flow analysis were conducted using Backward-Forward Sweep (BFS) method. Three scenarios were analyzed: Base Case, Type-1 DG integration and Type-3 DG integration. BFS analysis identified total active and reactive power losses of 506.93 kW and 303.55 kVAr with 90.84% of buses operating below minimum voltage standard. Integrating up to four Type-3 DG units reduced active power losses by 87.18%-93.01% and reactive power losses by 87.18%-93.01% substantially enhancing voltage stability. Economic analysis revealed payback period of approximately six years underscoring feasibility of proposed solution. Hybrid PSO-GWO optimization effectively enhances performance of distribution networks offering practical approach to integrating solar PV systems.