Correlation between Pilomatrixoma and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Introduction: Pilomatrixoma, a benign skin tumour originating from hair follicle matrix cells, is characterized by basophilic and shadow cells with calcification and commonly presents as a firm, painless subcutaneous nodule. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting 6-12% of women globally, marked by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. It presents with symptoms, such as irregular menstrual cycles, acne, hirsutism, insulin resistance, and increased risks of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and infertility. Case Presentation: A 13-year-old female with upper back swelling was diagnosed with pilomatrixoma. Histopathology revealed basophilic and shadow cells, and lab results indicated elevated lymphocyte counts, reduced monocyte counts, high RBC levels, and microcytic anemia. Ultrasound showed mild polycystic ovarian changes. While pilomatrixoma and PCOS are distinct, shared factors, such as hormonal influences and immune dysregulation, may suggest potential links. Hormonal changes in PCOS, particularly hyperandrogenism, may promote erythropoiesis, contributing to systemic effects observed in pilomatrixoma. Genetic mutations, like CTNNB1, and inflammatory states associated with pilomatrixoma may influence iron metabolism, exacerbating anemia. Conclusion: No direct correlation exists between pilomatrixoma and PCOS. Shared hormonal and genetic factors warrant further research, but these remain distinct entities with separate clinical management.