Analysis of Variables That Affect Capital Structure

An effective capital structure has an essential role in maintaining a company's stability and competitiveness amid dynamic changes in the business environment. This study aims to provide empirical findings on the influence of profitability, asset structure, liquidity, and business risk on the capital structure of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2019–2023. 30 companies were selected through purposive sampling method with a total of 150 observations. Data analysis was conducted through multiple linear regression using SPSS software. The result shows that profitability has no influence on the capital structure of the banking companies. Asset structure, liquidity, and business risk have a negative influence on the capital structure of the banking companies. The results of this study provide a theoretical contribution to the pecking order theory and trade-off theory related to the influence of profitability, asset structure, liquidity, and business risk on the capital structure of banking companies.