Medication Adherence in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Influencing Factors in Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus significantly impacts the quality of human resources and substantially increases healthcare costs. Good adherence to diabetes treatment can control blood sugar levels and minimize hospitalization. AIM: To determine the medication adherence profile in patients with diabetes mellitus and the influencing factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was used in Kalinyamatan Primary Health Center, Central Java, Indonesia, involving 90 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Primary data was collected using pretested questionnaires. This research used a total sampling technique to recruit participants. To determine the factors influencing medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus, we conducted a logistics regression analysis. RESULTS: The study showed that medication adherence indicated low in 22 individuals (24.4%) and high in 68 individuals (75.6%). Four factors were significantly influencing medication adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus: age (p-value 0.007), education (p-value 0.048), occupation (p-value 0.012), and family support (p-value 0.002). However, two factors, namely gender (p-value 0.259) and duration of illness (p-value 0.547), were found to have no significant impact on medication adherence. CONCLUSION: Healthcare professionals should have to motivate patients with Diabetes Mellitus to ensure adherence to their prescribed treatment regimen.