Drivers and Barriers in Libya’s E-Government Implementation

This study aims to identify and analyse the key drivers and barriers influencing the implementation of e-government initiatives in Libya's public sector, a developing country with a post-conflict context. Employing a combined theoretical framework based on TOE framework and UTAUT, this research adopts a mixed-methods approach. Semi-structured interviews with digital ecosystem multi-stakeholders, were conducted alongside closed-ended surveys. The findings reveal that e-government implementation in Libya is shaped by technological, organizational, and environmental factors, as well as user acceptance dimensions. The studyunderscores the importance of addressing structural and institutional challenges through a centralized, strategic approach to enable successful digital transformation. Recommendations include enhancing digital infrastructure, fostering public-private partnerships, improving digital literacy, and reforming public sector policies. The insights gained are not only applicable to Libya but also offer valuable lessons for other nations facing similar challenges in digital transformation.