Research Progress on Risk Factors and Prognosis of Masked Uncontrolled Hypertension

隐匿性未控制高血压是指正在接受降压治疗的患者，其诊室血压已达标，但在诊室外测量时仍呈现高血压状态。由于其“隐匿性”的特点，在日常诊疗过程中容易被忽视。近年来，大量研究表明，隐匿性未控制高血压不仅具有较高的患病率，而且其预后情况也不容乐观。持续的诊室外高血压会对患者重要靶器官造成慢性损害，增加心血管疾病等严重并发症的发生风险，这不仅影响了患者的生活质量和生存期限，同时给家庭和社会增加了经济负担。因此，深入分析隐匿性未控制高血压患者的危险因素及预后就显得尤为重要。本文旨在对目前国内外关于隐匿性未控制高血压危险因素及预后的相关研究进行系统总结，为隐匿性未控制高血压的后续综合管理提供理论依据。Masked uncontrolled hypertension refers to patients undergoing antihypertensive treatment who have their office blood pressure within the standard range but continue to exhibit hypertension when measured outside the clinic. Due to its “masked” characteristic, it is easily overlooked during daily diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, a substantial body of research has indicated that MUCH not only exhibits a relatively high prevalence, but also demonstrates an unfavorable prognosis. Persistent out-of-office hypertension can lead to chronic damage to important target organs of patients and elevate the risk of serious complications, such as cardiovascular diseases. This not only compromises the patients’ quality of life and life expectancy but also imposes a significant economic burden on families and society. Therefore, it is particularly important to conduct an in-depth analysis of the risk factors and prognosis of patients with MUCH. This paper aims to systematically summarize the current domestic and international research on the risk factors and prognosis of MUCH, providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent comprehensive management of MUCH.