Advances in Clinical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and the Development of Clinical Management Systems for Autism Spectrum Disorder

孤独症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD)是一种起病于童年期的神经发育障碍，早期识别与干预对于改善患儿预后至关重要。目前，我国仍面临公众认知不足、筛查体系不完善及诊断延迟等问题，需进一步整合多学科资源，完善筛查体系标准化建设，解决技术转化与公众接受度等挑战。本文结合我国现状，梳理了实现早期筛查、早期诊断的关键策略，构建科学合理的ASD诊疗体系，结合传统筛查方法与新兴技术，为ASD早期诊断、改善ASD预后提供可参考经验。Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder with onset in early childhood, necessitates early identification and intervention to optimize long-term outcomes. Current challenges in China include insufficient public awareness, suboptimal screening infrastructure, and delayed diagnosis, underscoring the urgency to consolidate multidisciplinary resources and standardize screening protocols. This review synthesizes key strategies for achieving early detection and diagnosis within the Chinese context, proposing a scientifically-grounded diagnostic framework that integrates conventional screening approaches with innovative digital diagnostic technologies. Such integration aims to enhance diagnostic precision, facilitate timely intervention, and provide actionable insights for improving prognostic trajectories in ASD populations.