THEORETICAL OVERVIEW OF MODERN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE: BEST PRACTICES AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES

Objective: This study aims to present a full theoretical overview of modern corporate governance, its best practices, and its contemporary challenges. Theoretical Framework: Corporate governance is an absolute necessity today, especially in the era of digitization and artificial intelligence applications. Governance means an integrated control system that ensures the achievement of strategic goals and the protection of shareholders' and stakeholders' rights. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises the deductive and inductive approaches. Based on previous studies, it aims to derive the most important concepts related to modern corporate governance, its best practices, and challenges. Results and Discussion: Among the most important results reached by this study is that modern corporate governance can practiced through a set of pillars, the most important are recruiting an effective board of directors, aligning the company’s strategies with goals, and ensuring accountability, ethics and integrity. The study also concluded that modern corporate governance faces many contemporary challenges; the most important of its challenges are balancing Interests and compliance with new international rules and regulations, the board Composition and financial reporting fraud (Ethical challenge). Research Implications: This research's practical and theoretical implications can be applied to various types of companies, especially those with weak regulatory systems and a need to mainstream and implement modern governance. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing the basic theory of modern corporate governance, which is considered one of the new concepts through which transparency is achieved, the assets of companies and their owners are protected, and the ethics of the profession are preserved from all forms of fraud and administrative or financial manipulation.