Changes in echocardiography in patients with high cardiovascular risk and hyperglycemia in the post-COVID period

Introduction . The SARS-CoV-2 virus damages cardiomyocytes both in acute disease and in the post-COVID period. Patients with high cardiovascular risk and hyperglycemia often have complications after COVID-19. The study of the consequences of SARS- CoV-2 in patients with high cardiovascular risk and hyperglycemia is important today. Aim . To study myocardial changes according to echocardiography and electrocardiography data in patients with high cardiovascular risk with hyperglycemia in the post-COVID period. Materials and methods. The study included 206 patients with high cardiovascular risk who had COVID-19 pneumonia in 2020– 2021 and were observed at the Tyumen Cardiology Research Center. Of which 62 patients with hyperglycemia – prediabetes and diabetes mellitus. All patients had anamnesis, anthropometric data, blood pressure, heart rate were measured, ECG and EchoCG were performed. Results . Patients with high cardiovascular risk and hyperglycemia had higher values of left atrial (LA) size, end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume of the LA after 3 and 12 months of observation. After 3 and 12 months of post-COVID dynamic observation, the LA volume index increased in patients with hyperglycemia. The level of Hb1AС in 12 months after COVID-19 had a noticeable correlation with the LA systolic and diastolic volume indices and left ventricle (LV) myocardial mass index. ECG parameters did not have difference between groups after 12 months of observation. Conclusion . In patients with hyperglycemia, after COVID-19, the most significant were the LA systolic and diastolic volumes indices, as well as the LV myocardial mass index.