Comparative evaluation of skin wound healing depending on the type of medication correction of experimental hypogonadism in male rats

Introduction . The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system plays a key role in the adaptive processes of the body. Severe traumatic injuries cause a complex of endocrine disorders, including a decrease in androgens. Given the powerful anabolic potential of androgens, timely correction of their reduction contributes to optimizing the clinical status of the patient and improving reparative processes. Aim . To evaluate the effect of various therapeutic regimens using testosterone and gonadotropin preparations on skin wound healing during the granulation tissue formation stage. Materials and methods . An experimental study was conducted on skin wound healing in rats at the granulation tissue formation stage under pre-modeled hypogonadotropic hypogonadism conditions. A total of 62 male Sprague Dawley rats were included in the final analysis, divided into groups receiving testosterone in physiological and supraphysiological doses, dihydrotestosterone, and chorionic gonadotropin. Results . Physiological doses of testosterone had an adverse effect on regeneration due to tissue edema, vascular thrombosis, and prolonged inflammation phase (with an interphase increase in mast cell population density by 21.5 times), whereas dihydrotestosterone and supraphysiological concentrations of testosterone contributed to accelerated maturation of granulation tissue by day 14 and a reduction in mast cell population density by 89.5% and 13.8%, respectively. Chorionic gonadotropin demonstrated a positive effect on granulation tissue maturation and angioprotection while simultaneously prolonging the inflammatory phase, comparable to the hypogonadal rat group without therapy (with a 2.7-fold increase in mast cell population and a concurrent 24.7% increase in mast cell degranulation index compared to day 7). Conclusion . The results of this study can be considered in the development of methods for stimulating reparative processes, as under hypogonadotropic hypogonadism conditions, they allow for the identification of more effective approaches depending on the initial state of the wound defect, testosterone preparation, and its dosage.