The relationship between body mass index in adolescent pregnancy and preeclampsia at Hasan Sadikin Hospital 2019–2023

Introduction. Many risk factors including maternal age especially in adolescence pregnancy, gravidity, parity status, and body mass index (BMI) considered to play role in preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis. Aim : to analyze а relationship between numerous risk factors including BMI in adolescent pregnancies with PE, thereby gaining deeper insight into risk factors and PE impact in pregnant adolescents. Materials and Methods . This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung with adolescence pregnant women diagnosed with PE during 2019–2023 as the subject population. The minimum sample size was calculated using unpaired categorical analytical study sample size formula and 310 total research subjects were obtained. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis with IBM SPSS v28 software. Results. The results indicate significant differences in the proportions of age, gravida, gestational age, mode of delivery, and low birth weight infant between the preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the proportions of extremely low birth weight, peripartum cardiomyopathy, HELLP syndrome, and pulmonary edema between the two groups (p > 0.05). No significant difference was found in the BMI proportions between the two groups (odds ratio (OR) = 1.361; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.828–2.237; p = 0.223). Conclusion . Many risk factors could play role in PE pathogenesis in adolescent pregnancies. BMI alone is not enough to be PE predictor. Further studies are needed regarding risk stratification of adolescent pregnancy in a more comprehensively.