Clinical heterogeneity and some clinical and genetic variants of inflammatory bowel diseases

The study of inflammatory bowel diseases is characterized by dynamism and new discoveries. The desire for personalized therapy for this category of patients urgently dictates the need to decipher the genetic architecture of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. The completion of the human genome project was marked by the discovery of more than 240 genetic polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel diseases. Comparison of clinical and genetic features confirmed the existence of various clinical and genetic phenotypes of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, many risk options and shed light on key pathogenetic mechanisms. These include mechanisms of breakdowns in the innate immune system and autophagy processes, impaired lymphocyte differentiation and chemotaxis. The introduction of these provisions into clinical practice will not only improve the diagnostic process, but will also significantly contribute to personalized therapy.