Being a member of the community: Participation and inclusion of international students in higher education

Abstract International student numbers are growing globally, yet their inclusion and engagement within university communities remain underexplored. Existing research highlights the importance of international students' participation in extracurricular activities (ECAs) and student government organisations (SGOs) in fostering inclusion and belonging. However, gaps persist in understanding how cultural and systemic barriers impact their experiences. This study focuses on international students at Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Hungary, addressing these gaps by examining their participation in ECAs and SGOs and identifying factors influencing their engagement. Using a quantitative methodology, data from 77 international students were collected via a structured questionnaire. Analysis revealed significant challenges, including language barriers, limited awareness of SGOs, and disparities in engagement opportunities compared to local students. While over 50% of respondents reported recent participation in ECAs, their involvement in SGOs was minimal. The findings underscore the need for improved communication strategies, targeted inclusion policies, and tailored support systems to enhance international students' integration and engagement at ELTE. Addressing these issues can strengthen their sense of belonging, contributing to the university's broader internationalization goals.