THEORETICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF SOME DESIGN PARAMETERS OF A ROLLER SOWING UNIT

The technological process of seed dosing during sowing is one of the main processes influencing the quality parameters of the sowing machine. Carrying out sowing operations in compliance with agrotechnical requirements has a significant impact on crop yields. In order to achieve good germination and thus a high yield, an uniform distribution of the seed over the sowing area must be ensured. The number of optimal conditions that the seed material receives influences the growth and development of each plant. Compliance with agrotechnical requirements during sowing makes it possible to obtain a high yield of grain crops and make a profit [1, 3]. Many scientists are conducting research on sowing machines, but it is not possible to create a universal variant for sowing all crops. During operation, roller-type sowing units generate pulsations due to the flow of passing seeds, so the uniformity of seed application on the feeding surface and in the rows deteriorates, resulting in irregular seedlings and lower yield [4]. If we look at how the roller seed drill works in detail, we will see that: the seeds in the flutes of the roller and the seeds in the active layer are sown. At the same time, the movement of the seeds of the active layer takes place under the effect of internal frictional forces due to the impact on the roller surface and is transferred layer by layer from one to the other [5]. As a result of theoretical studies of analytical dependencies to determine the design parameters of the roller with increased volume of flutes, which allow the proposed device to carry out the technological process sustainably. The numerical values of the design parameters should have the following values: Working volume of the roller – 0.0000356 m3; number of flutes of the roller – 6 pieces; cross-sectional area of the roller flute – 0.0002205 m2; cross-sectional area of all flutes of the roller – 0.001323 m2; radius of the roller flutes – 0.0110 m.