Analysis of ice damage mechanism of pile foundation in still water in cold regions

Ice load is one of the main environmental loads controlling structures in cold regions. Ice damage often occurs in engineering structures in cold regions. Empirical studies have shown that when the thickness of ice cover reaches its maximum, the static ice pressure generated is the highest, making it more likely to cause structural damage. In practical engineering, the failure of static water pile foundation often occurs when the thickness of ice sheet does not reach its maximum. Based on practical engineering, the mechanism of ice damage to static water pile foundations in cold regions is analyzed from macro perspectives such as temperature, ice cover thickness, and static ice pressure. Analysis suggests that when designing static water pile foundations in cold regions, the influence of static ice pressure should be considered. When calculating static ice pressure, extreme thermal events should be considered in conjunction with local climate conditions such as prolonged continuous temperature rise and no temperature decrease at night. The factors that affect static ice pressure are not only related to ice sheet thickness, initial ice temperature, temperature rise rate, and duration of temperature rise, but also the mechanical properties and constraints of ice.