Research on the impact and adaptability of sex ratio changes in lampreys on ecosystems based on population dynamics and the Lotka-Volterra model

In nature, most species are born with an equal number of males and females. However, some organisms can adjust their sex ratios based on internal and external factors. This ability to change sex ratios is crucial for understanding how species adapt and how ecosystems function. Taking lampreys as an example, this study examines how changes in sex ratios influence population size, predator numbers, reproductive success, and resource use. We developed a system to assess lamprey populations by looking at factors such as food availability, predation risks, and their role in the ecosystem. The findings indicate that a balanced sex ratio enables lampreys to play a more significant role in the food chain, benefits the ecosystem, and reduces the risk of overfishing. This balance supports lamprey populations and fosters ecosystem stability.