Improved Nonlinear Control and Efficient Energy Flow Management in a Low-voltage AC Microgrid integrating Wind turbine, PV and Battery Energy Storage System

This paper presents an improved nonlinear control strategy and efficient energy flow management in a low-voltage AC microgrid integrating a wind turbine, a photovoltaic system and an energy storage battery. The AC microgrid is designed to operate in a grid-connected configuration, ensuring optimal energy production, storage and consumption. In this context, a mathematical model of the overall system has been developed and backstepping controllers have been synthesized to achieve the control objectives. The convergence of closed-loop control is formally analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory. A new algorithm is proposed to maximize energy extraction from renewable sources while simultaneously managing battery storage for optimal performance and reliability. The approach also ensures grid stability through efficient power factor correction (PFC) and load balancing. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers in meeting control objectives, illustrating improvements in energy efficiency, stability and overall system performance under varying load and environmental conditions.