Multidisciplinary Design Optimization and Simulation of Multi-Technology Energy Storage Solutions for Sustainable Energy Integration

The move towards achieving net zero emissions is carried out by different countries all over the world by implementing various renewable energy re-sources. As renewable energy resources are intermittent and generate power as per the resources available it becomes crucial to store that generated power to utilize it during high demand. Thus, the implementation of modular energy storage systems operates designed for grid frequency management and demand and supply power balancing functions. However, there are issues with battery energy storage systems as they start to degrade after a long time which affects the loading capability and increases the budget of replacing the battery. This paper provides a study of Hybrid Energy Storage batteries where Mega-Scale Energy Storage and Fast Response Energy Storage is used which provides many advantages over single battery sources. HESS provides benefits such as a balance between generation and demand, flattening intermittency of renewable energy resources, improving power fluctuations, reducing charging, and discharging cycles with high output performance. As it is a combination of two batteries each battery serves its purpose and makes HESS storage suitable for renewable energy systems. The structure, capacity sizing, different converter topologies and characteristics will be discussed for HESS which will provide a strong understanding of Multi-Mode Energy Storage Solutions for sustainable power re-sources.