Value of ultrasound ultramicro-flow imaging in detecting fingertip microflow for the evaluation of microcirculation in sepsis patients

To investigate the utility of ultrasound ultramicro-flow imaging in detecting fingertip microcirculation in patients with sepsis and septic shock. From November 2022 to December 2023, 41 patients with sepsis, 21 with septic shock, and 62 with severe illness but without sepsis (control group) were enrolled. Ultrasound ultramicro-flow imaging of the fingertips was conducted on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd days post-admission to assess fingertip ultramicrovascular density. Simultaneously, arterial blood lactate (LAC) concentrations were measured. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores and 28-day mortality rates were also documented. The ultramicrovascular indices, along with SOFA scores, LAC concentrations, and 28-day mortality rates, were compared across the three groups. Correlations were analyzed between fingertip ultramicrovascular indices and SOFA scores, LAC concentrations, and 28-day mortality. Fingertip ultramicrovascular density was significantly lower in sepsis and septic shock groups than in controls (P < 0.05). The septic shock group exhibited reduced ultramicrovascular density relative to the sepsis group (P < 0.05). A strong negative correlation was found between ultramicrovascular density and clinical indicators, including SOFA scores, LAC concentrations, and 28-day mortality rates. Lower ultramicrovascular density was associated with higher SOFA scores and increased lactate levels, underscoring its prognostic value in sepsis and septic shock. Ultrasound ultramicro-flow imaging accurately assesses microcirculation in sepsis and septic shock, correlating closely with organ dysfunction and prognosis, making it a valuable tool for evaluating sepsis severity.