A rare case report of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in dizygotic twins

The occurrence of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) in twins offers significant insight into the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of the condition. IHPS is characterized by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the pyloric muscle, leading to gastric outlet obstruction. Studies have shown that the concordance rate of IHPS is higher among monozygotic twins (0.25–0.44) compared to dizygotic twins (0.05–0.10), suggesting a stronger genetic component in identical twins. However, cases in dizygotic twins, although rare, are clinically significant and underscore the possible influence of shared environmental or perinatal risk factors.