An analytical study on the marketing of sugarcane in Lakhimpur District of Uttar Pradesh

This study analyzes the marketing structure and challenges of sugarcane farmers in Lakhimpur District, Uttar Pradesh, which is a key sugarcane-producing region in India. Based on primary data collected from 100 respondents selected from one block and several villages, the research explores the socio-economic profile, marketing channels, price spread, and constraints in sugarcane marketing. Findings reveal that 65% of farmers sell directly to sugar mills, while 20% use commission agents, and 15% sell through local traders and jaggery processors. Though direct sale to sugar mills provides standard pricing, delays in payment (15-30 days) and transportation issues are major concerns. In contrast, selling to traders or jaggery units ensures immediate cash payment but at a lower price. The socio-economic analysis shows that 74% of respondents are male, with 48% aged between 31-50 years. Education levels are mostly primary to secondary, and around 62% of respondents are marginal or small farmers (less than 2 hectares). Sugarcane contributes over 70% of household income for most farmers. Using Garrett Ranking, the most critical marketing constraints identified are: Delayed payments from mills (mean score: 72.6), Lack of transport facilities (mean score: 65.4), Low price realization (mean score: 60.3) Price spread analysis shows that the producer’s share in consumer rupees is highest in direct marketing (~92%) and lowest in trader-mediated sales (~76%). The study suggests timely mill payments, better rural transport, and support for cooperative marketing to improve efficiency and farmer welfare.