Structural Analysis and Design of Water Treatment Plant Structures

Abstract: The increasing demand for clean and safe drinking water in urban and semi-urban areas necessitates the establishment of well-designed and efficient water treatment facilities. This thesis focuses on the hydraulic and structural design of a 14.00 million Liters per Day (MLD) conventional Water Treatment Plant (WTP), aiming to ensure structural safety, operational efficiency, and sustainability in water treatment infrastructure. The hydraulic design is based on the latest CPHEEO Manual 2024 guidelines, ensuring proper sizing and layout of essential components including intake chambers, flash mixers, flocculators, sedimentation tanks, rapid sand filters, clear water reservoirs, and pump houses. The structural analysis and design of all major components have been carried out using STAAD Pro software, which enabled precise modeling, load analysis, and efficient reinforcement detailing as per IS 456:2000 and relevant Indian Standard codes. The design process considered various load combinations, including dead load, live load, hydrostatic pressure, and seismic forces as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016. A case study approach was adopted for the selected site, evaluating site-specific parameters such as soil bearing capacity and seismic zone. The results demonstrate that all structural components are safe under ultimate and serviceability limit states. The integration of hydraulic functionality with structural integrity ensures long-term performance and safety of the plant. The project highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between civil and environmental engineering domains and showcases how software tools can be leveraged to enhance design accuracy, optimize material usage, and reduce construction costs. This study provides a reference for future WTP projects, especially in the context of growing urbanization and the need for sustainable water infrastructure.