Architecture for the Academic Certificate System on the Ethereum Layer 2 Solution

The Ethereum blockchain, plagued by network congestion and exorbitant transaction fees, faces significant scalability challenges. While Layer 2 solutions offer a promising avenue to address these concerns, their potential remains largely unexplored on blockchain applications. The research proposes a novel Layer 2 architecture specifically designed for the academic certificate system on the Ethereum network. The method commences with a comprehensive survey of existing literature, followed by an analysis of solutions within the business domain. Subsequently, the most suitable and comprehensive solutions are identified for integration into the proposed academic certificate system architecture. In the selection process, the research analyzes 20 studies to determine the frequency of solutions employed in each investigation. The results indicate the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) exhibiting the highest frequency, while Oracle, Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs), and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) have comparable frequencies. Furthermore, an analysis of rankings from 10 websites evaluating Layer 2 Ethereum solutions and their performance across various aspects reveals Arbitrum as the top-ranked solution, followed by Polygon and Optimism, respectively. The research demonstrates the implementation of this system architecture within the proposed system's process. The culmination of this effort is a valuable blueprint for developers seeking to build and deploy similar systems efficiently. Notably, the inherent adaptability of the architecture extends beyond the educational domain, paving the way for its application across diverse contexts. The system architecture presented constitutes an initial exploration into developing Decentralized Applications (DApps) on the Ethereum Layer 2 network because prior research has not specifically focused on its application.