Effect of Environmental and Intrapersonal Factors on Leisure-Time Physical Activity of Chinese Rural Older People in Zhejiang Province

<b>Objective:</b> The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of built environment and intrapersonal factors with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and the possible moderating effect of intrapersonal factors on the association between the built environment and LTPA. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 514 older people in the village of Fuwen were included in this study. Data on LTPA, intrapersonal factors (social, fitness, medical, benefits/challenges, recognition), and the built environment (traffic safety, street connectivity, walking facilities, access to services, crime safety, aesthetics, residential density, land use mix diversity) were collected. Multivariate linear regression analysis with the "enter" method was conducted to analyze the association of perceived scores of built environment and intrapersonal factors with LTPA. <b>Results:</b> Among the intrapersonal factors, fitness was positively related to LTPA (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Among the built environment factors, traffic safety (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and crime safety (<i>p</i> = 0.047) were positively related to LTPA, while walking facilities was negatively associated with LTPA (<i>p</i> = 0.007). Additionally, fitness had a significant moderating effect on the association between walking facilities and LTPA (<i>p</i> = 0.025). <b>Conclusions:</b> Older people with higher fitness requirements and better perceived traffic safety and crime safety tend to engage in greater levels of LTPA. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, particularly in designing ecologically livable villages that promote physical activity among older populations.