Determinants of Pro-Environmental Behaviours in Türkiye: The Role of Environmental Knowledge, Climate Change Scepticism, and Socio-Demographic Factors

This study investigates the determinants of pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) in Türkiye, utilizing data from the 2010 wave of the Life in Transition Survey II (LITS II). Notably, this study is the first to analyse PEB determinants using a nationally representative sample of Türkiye, rather than focusing on specific regions or groups, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding of these behaviours across the country. Employing a logistic regression estimation technique, the analysis reveals that traditional socio-demographic indicators including age, gender, having children, and employment status exert limited influence on PEBs. In contrast, environmental knowledge and concern about climate change are identified as significant determinants. Individuals with higher levels of environmental awareness demonstrate a greater propensity to engage in behaviours that mitigate environmental harm, underscoring the critical role of educational and awareness campaigns. Interaction effects suggest that while higher education and environmental awareness usually encourage pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs), this positive link might be weakened by skepticism about climate change. The results indicate that a comprehensive strategy, combining education, public awareness, and policy measures, is crucial for promoting PEBs in Türkiye. These findings provide important insights for policymakers aiming to align Türkiye’s economic development with the principles of environmental sustainability, thereby supporting the design of more effective national environmental policies.