Analysis of diseases of the oral mucosa in children of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, principles of treatment and prevention

This article analyzes the prevalence of diseases of the oral mucosa in children in the age group from 0 to 17 years according to the statistical office of the State Medical Institution «Republican Dental Center named after T.H. Tkhazaplizhev» of the Ministry of Health of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Of those who applied during the analyzed period, 84 % of patients are residents of Nalchik, 16 % are residents of various regions of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Preventive visits accounted for 15 % of the total number of visits. The analysis carried out in the context of three years (2021) showed that the structure of diseases of oral mucosa was dominated by: acute herpetic stomatitis 21,1–28,5 %, herpetic angina 18,2–23,6 %, aphthous stomatitis 9,7–14,4 %. Further, according to the frequency of occurrence, gingivostomatitis, vesicular sore throat, recurrent stomatitis, cheek biting were noted. The incidence of acute herpetic stomatitis in children decreased by 7,4 % from 2021 to 2023. It is also possible to answer the increase in such diseases of the oral mucosa as recurrent stomatitis by 3 times, from 3,5 % in 2021 to 11 % in 2022, candidiasis by 0,2 %, vesicular angina by 0,6 %. The principles of prevention and treatment of diseases of the oral mucosa are given. The obtained data can be used in the planning and provision of dental care to children in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic and other regions of the Russian Federation.