Construction of integrated, contiguous conservation and utilization system for cultural relics protection unit in Qiandongnan based on quantitative analysis

Cultural Relics Protection Unit (CRPU) is vital historical and cultural heritage. This study investigates municipal-level unit in the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture (Qiandongnan) using complex network analysis and quantitative methods. Key findings include: (1) CRPUs exhibit “area-wide distribution and multi-cluster concentration”, primarily driven by natural factors; (2) The spatial network features a multi-group parallel structure with an obvious core-periphery structure, characterized by low stability, poor completeness, weak balance and low vulnerability; (3) Functional CRPUs are key network nodes. Their comprehensive development potential is generally moderate, with positive correlations among potential, the overall network, and individual networks, primarily influenced by historical and cultural value. Based on the findings, a quantitative Integrated Contiguous Conservation and Utilization System (ICCUS) was established, covering spatial distribution, network structures, resource endowments, and development strategies. It provides replicable solutions for the systematic conservation of globally dispersed cultural heritage clusters.