Study of power quality issues without and with Microgrid in Egypt

In comparison to power plants that depend on fossil fuels for electricity generation, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) provide more practicality and economic benefits. Achieving an optimal power balance between energy sources and demand poses significant challenges due to the inherent unpredictability and fluctuating loads associated with RES, like solar and wind energy. The feasibility of combining small-scale distributed power sources for generating electrical power at the distribution voltage level is generally recognized in the field of Microgrids (MGs). Certain energy generated from these sources is not readily usable due to its inherent characteristics. The effective management of power quality concerns poses a substantial technological obstacle when managing and operating MG systems, regardless of their connection to the primary electrical grid or their autonomous operation. The main factors contributing to these significant difficulties emerge from the design, operating strategy, inherent properties, and effectiveness MG systems' dispersed energy sources. Power quality issues have arisen due to the notable rise nonlinear loads, uneven loads, and scattered generators. These problems include power losses, voltage decline and swelling, fluctuation, imbalance, and harmonics of electrical current and voltage. Energy quality can be improved in many ways, including the use of RES, connecting them to the electrical grid, and studying the extent to which energy quality improves before and after adding these sources. The importance of this study lies in knowing the issues of power quality and ways to improve it, as well as the impact of RES on the grid and ways to avoid these issues to obtain clean energy with high quality.