Media in Democratic States in the Context of a Tool of Different Interests

In democratic states, free and independent journalism is a fundamental pillar of a free and civil society. The role of mass media in the process of building an independent state and civil society is undeniable. This article analyzes the cases where mass media historically the most powerful propaganda tool has been used as an instrument of influence. Even in the world’s most developed countries, the freedom of the press and democratic journalism are shown, through various examples, to be under threat, and the underlying causes of these threats are explored. Regardless of geographical location, freedom of speech is considered one of the most essential human rights, and press freedom is regarded as the foundation of human rights. Press freedom guarantees the protection of other freedoms. As Mammad Amin Rasulzade stated, “The enslavement of the press leads to moral decay, eliminates noble qualities, promotes lying, theft, dishonesty, and espionage, and results in literary and ideological corruption”. He viewed press freedom as a vital element for the existence of democracy in society. In a democratic system, just as the state protects the interests of the media, the media must also, when necessary, act in accordance with public, national, and state interests, striving toward the creation of an ideal society. Media institutions that are aware of their responsibilities understand that public interests cannot be safeguarded without protecting state interests. For the consolidation of state sovereignty, national interests must align with nationwide interests. Journalists must adhere to international principles and carry out their duties based solely on facts truthfully, impartially, and objectively without becoming tools in the hands of political groups.