Novel application of time-weighted statistical techniques for trend analysis in roadway accident fatalities: A case study from Albania

Road transportation in developing countries is a rapidly growing industry, leading to an increased risk of roadway accidents, which pose significant challenges across social, economic, health, justice, and security dimensions. Fatalities resulting from road accidents remain a global concern, and in Albania, despite a reduction in the number of accidents in recent years, the fatalities per 100,000 population have shown a significant rise compared to previous years. This study presents a novel application of three time-weighted statistical techniques, commonly used in quality control processes, to detect sustained changes in fatality trends due to roadway accidents over a 120-month period. The study not only compares the performance of the three designed control chart schemes but also highlights their sensitivity in detecting small shifts from the mean levels, with the Moving Average Technique being the most sensitive. Moreover, the points of process change are clearly identified and effectively located by all three techniques. The findings demonstrate the utility of these methods as diagnostic tools for identifying critical trends and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing roadway fatalities in Albania. This research introduces an innovative approach to trend analysis in roadway accident fatalities and provides a framework for enhancing road safety management strategies in developing countries.