Radiomics-Enhanced Multi-Modal Deep Learning Pipelines for Stratified Cancer Prognosis Using Integrated Imaging Genomics and Clinical Data

Cancer outcome prediction abilities form a cornerstone of personalized medicine strategies. More conventional approaches lead to information used from one information source, whether clinical records or radiological scans, limiting their ability to account for the heterogeneous properties of cancer. Over the past few years, developments in machine learning and deep learning have shown that using several types of data can improve the accuracy and reliability of cancer-prognostication models. By using radiomics to extract metrics from medical images, we gain meaningful depth on tumor properties. On the other hand, genetic data explains the molecular basis of cancer and how it forms. Patient age, gender, and medical history are critical components of interpreting the progression of diseases, from data such as these, collected from clinical records. A new method is proposed that incorporates deep learning in combining radiomic, genomic and clinical information for better cancer prognosis. This way, it merges the most modern strategies for feature extraction and deep learning frameworks for a proper analysis and combination of information available at the different modalities of the pipeline. Datasets of different types of cancer are used to evaluate the predictive power of the method. It is demonstrated on breast, lung, and colorectal cancers, which demonstrate a significant performance increase relative to traditional models where a single data source is used. The results show that integrating radiomics, genomics, and clinical data leads to more accurate and personalized predictions of cancer outcomes that can greatly inform clinical decisions. The results also show that the use of mult-modal learning techniques holds the promise of improving generalizability and resilience of different patient cohorts’ prediction models. It demonstrates how using several sources of data improves the forecasting of cancer outcomes and allows for more effective individualized treatment strategies.