Optimization Method for Spatial Element Layout of Urban Landscape Architecture Based on Generative Algorithm

In urban landscape design, the optimization of spatial layout is very important because it directly affects the functionality, ecological benefits and aesthetic effects of the landscape. This paper introduces a generative algorithm to optimize the layout of garden space elements. It aims to improve the rationality, aesthetics and functionality of the layout scheme through automation and intelligence, so as to better adapt to different environments and user needs. First, a geometric model of the urban landscape space is constructed, and the functional areas, green spaces, water bodies and other elements of the garden are converted into design constraints and objective functions suitable for generative algorithm processing. Then, using genetic algorithm as an optimization tool, through the iterative evolution process of the population, the position, form and combination of spatial elements are gradually adjusted to achieve the predetermined design goals. Finally, the fitness function is introduced to evaluate the pros and cons of each generation of layout schemes, including the openness of the landscape view, the coherence of the functional areas and the aesthetic evaluation. Through multiple iterations, the algorithm gradually converges to the optimal solution and provides a garden layout scheme that meets specific needs. In the layout optimization under complex terrain, the space utilization rate is between 75.0% and 77.8%. The landscape view is distributed between 66.3% and 68.0%, which is relatively evenly distributed. The urban landscape garden space element layout optimization method based on the generative algorithm introduced in this paper not only improves the design efficiency and accuracy but also provides new ideas for urban garden planning.