Braking energy recovery control of electric vehicle with wheel hub motor based on genetic algorithm

In order to solve the problem of multi-objective cooperative optimization of regenerative braking system of four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles, a hierarchical control strategy based on genetic algorithm was proposed in this study. By constructing the generation efficiency model and braking intensity hierarchical control architecture of four-wheel hub motor, the cooperative mapping mechanism of torque distribution strategy and motor efficiency graph is established. On the basis of hierarchical recognition of braking strength, genetic algorithm is used to dynamically optimize the power distribution weight of the front/rear axle electric mechanism, combined with online optimization of sliding mode control and constraints of quadratic programming model, the multi-mode coordinated control of electromechanical composite braking is realized. The simulation results based on NEDC conditions show that compared with the traditional uniformly distributed torque control method, the proposed strategy can increase the energy recovery efficiency of single cycle braking to 16.89%, increase the regenerative energy by 27.28kJ (13.04%), and reduce the SOC reduction by 2.68%.