EXPERIENCE WITH ANIFROLUMAB IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PATIENTS WITH NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS

PV300 / #635 Case Report Poster Topic: AS24 - SLE-Treatment Introduction Anifrolumab, a biologic approved for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), excludes patients with active neurological manifestations in clinical trials. However, real-world clinical practice often necessitates its use in this population when other options are limited. This study analyzes the effectiveness of Anifrolumab in 3 SLE patients with neurological involvement. Case Presentation With Investigation We retrospectively reviewed 3 female patients treated with Anifrolumab who presented with neurological manifestations in addition to systemic disease. Clinical characteristics, treatment response, and safety outcomes were evaluated. Literature Review • Case 1: A 29-year-old woman with cutaneous and hematological SLE presented with acute psychosis. Extensive workup, including neuroimaging, lumbar puncture, and infection studies, was negative. She was treated with corticosteroid pulses followed by Anifrolumab, achieving disease remission and discontinuing corticosteroids after 6 months. • Case 2: A patient with moderate-to-severe hematological SLE refractory to mycophenolate also presented with neurological involvement. Anifrolumab was initiated but discontinued after 3 months due to refractory thrombocytopenia and a cerebrovascular event. • Case 3: A woman with articular, hematological, and cutaneous SLE, including significant alopecia and recurrent lupus headaches requiring steroid pulses, achieved disease remission with Anifrolumab. Additionally, no steroid pulses were required for 6 months after treatment initiation. Discussion Anifrolumab demonstrated effectiveness in some SLE patients with neurological manifestations, particularly in reducing corticosteroid use and managing lupus headache. However, safety concerns, such as thrombocytopenia and cerebrovascular events, warrant careful monitoring. These cases highlight the need for further studies to assess Anifrolumab’s role in patients with neurological involvement.