Análisis multicriterio para identificación de áreas prioritarias en la conservación y restauración de la Provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador

Pastaza Province, located in the Ecuadorian Amazon, is recognized for its high biodiversity due to its tropical rainforest climate and has been designated a Biosphere Reserve. This study aims to identify priority areas for conservation and restoration through a multi-criteria analysis using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to evaluate both qualitative and quantitative variables using Saaty's scale. Three main criteria were defined: Environmental, Socioeconomic, and Intrinsic. GIS tools such as Union, Intersect, and Area of Interest (AOI) were employed to map, by hectares, the forest and water areas that should be prioritized for conservation or restoration. The results include the proportion of each zone according to the established criteria, enabling an efficient spatial planning framework for ecological management in the region.