An Enhanced Low Voltage Ride-Through Control Scheme for DFIG-Based Grid-Integrated Wind Energy Conversion Systems: Environmental Impact Analysis

Over recent years, several nations have set up wind turbine generating systems (WTGS). Changing wind speeds, however, causes varying produced energy. Power generation and losses associated with wind turbo change concerning wind speed. Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is the only machine that can produce power at constant speed. However, DFIG is oversensitive to grid faults, which leads to Bidirectional converters and DC-link capacitor failures due to high inrush current and over-voltage. Therefore, protection strategies should be adopted to prevent DFIG from faulting the grid. Voltage dips are very common in electric power systems, and one of the main events that get triggered during these dips is known as the Low voltage ride through (LVRT). To solve the above problem, eight protective measures have been used to avoid DFIG when voltage dips occur. In this paper, different techniques such as a blade pitch angle control, DC Chopper, crowbar circuit, series dynamic resistance, battery energy storage system, switch-type fault current limiter, Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) FACTS Devices, reinforcement learning controller method, and machine Learning model are compared. This work investigates the hardware requirements and several control strategies with LVRT capability for wind energy conversion systems. Studied for symmetric and non-symmetrical fault circumstances, including torque, speed, and thermal stress.