Innovative hard tissue bone materials from natural sources: a study on silk sericin and ruthenium-based composites

The purpose of this study was to develop a technique for synthesising hard tissue bone materials (HDBM) using natural components. The HDBM was created with SSP, CaCO₃, and Ru, mixed with deionised water, and compared to standard implants. Mechanical, physicochemical, and biocompatibility tests were conducted to assess the HDBM. The surface of HDBM was characterised before and after exposure to simulated body fluids. The HDBM showed high mechanical properties, with a compressive strength of 42.43 ± 0.29 MPa and an elongation at break of 31.62% ± 0.69%. Bioactivity tests indicated effective calcium and phosphate deposition on the HDBM. Biocompatibility was assessed using the MTT assay with MG63 (human osteoblast cell line), which revealed increased cell viability on the HDBM. The HDBM demonstrated desirable strength, biocompatibility, and bone mineralisation qualities, indicating its potential for use in large animal models pending necessary permits.