Chemical investigation by GC-MS and Head-space and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Essential Oils and Their Corresponding Hydrolats from three Species of the Lamiaceae Family

The Lamiaceae family, is renowned for the production of essential oils that are concentrated, volatile compounds responsible for the characteristic fragrance and various therapeutic properties of these plants contain a diverse array of aromatic compounds, including terpenes, phenols, aldehydes, and ketones. Many members of the Lamiaceae family contain specialized structures called glandular trichomes, which house and release these essential oils and Each plant species has a unique composition of essential oils, contributing to distinct fragrances and potential therapeutic effects. Aerial parts of Thymus vulgaris L., Lavandula angustifolia L., Salvia officinalis L. were subjected to hydrodistillation, and both resulting fractions were analyzed through GC-MS and Head-space GC-MS. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and the antimicrobial activity against seven bacterial strains, Overall, 86 compounds were identified, some found exclusively in essential oils and others in hydrolats, making them individual products with specific end purposes.