Surgical management of burns in functional areas: a 5-year retrospective study

Burns represent one of the most complex types of trauma that can occur in the human body and, as such, remain a subject of constant debate in the medical world. Globally, burns account for approximately 180,000 deaths annually, with the vast majority (95%) occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Severe burns, which involve more than 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA), lead to high mortality and morbidity rates, more so when they affect some of the critical areas such as the face or the hands, feet, and perineum. Each region has its characteristics and challenges that arise from injury to these parts, and thus, each anatomical section should be individually studied to help determine how to prioritize one over the others. In this way, a guideline could be developed to treat the burned patient effectively. A key issue is where to begin-should functional areas be prioritized over others, or should the reverse approach be taken? Current literature has failed to establish a clear algorithm for the optimal management of these patients. This article takes into account the latest recommendations and compares them with our experience and results.