EVALUATING COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS ANTIBIOTIC USE AND RESISTANCE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS -A GROWING PUBLIC HEALTH ISSUE

Background In Pakistan, there is a lack of regulations governing prescription of drug sales. As a result, pharmacies can sell most medications, including antibiotics without a prescription. This lack of regulation places a significant burden on the public to educate themselves about antibiotic use. Objective: This study investigated public knowledge, attitudes regarding antibiotic use and resistance in Karachi. Methodology: The study was conducted in Dow university hospital from 15 May - 15 July 2024, using a questionnaire and convenience sampling. Participants included 250 individuals aged 21-60 from public institutions in Karachi. Respondents provided demographic data, knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotic use and resistance. Results: The study revealed alarming trends in antibiotic use among respondents. A staggering 91% had used antibiotics at least once and 55% mistakenly believed that antibiotics can speed up recovery from common colds. Furthermore, 55% reported receiving antibiotics without consulting a doctor and 62% admitted to purchasing antibiotics without a prescription. The study also exposed a significant knowledge gap, as respondents demonstrated confusion between bacteria and viruses. While 52% correctly recognized the effectiveness of antibiotics against bacteria, a concerning 55% believed antibiotics can combat viruses. Despite these misconceptions, trust in doctors remained high, with 80% of respondents expressing confidence in medical professionals. Analysis revealed that increased knowledge correlated with lower likelihood of purchasing antibiotics without medical consultation. Conclusion: This study highlighted significant misconceptions and knowledge gaps regarding antibiotic use and resistance. Despite high trust in medical personnel, a substantial proportion of respondents used antibiotics without prescription or consultation. These findings emphasize the need for targeted educational campaigns and policy interventions to address antibiotic resistance