Research on lightning-induced voltage of overhead line in the lossy ground

Abstract Lightning strikes generate transient high voltage on power lines, which can lead to insulation failure, large-scale power outages, and pose serious threats to the s operation of the power grid. Accurately calculating lightning-induced voltage is crucial in the design, operation, and maintenance of transmission lines. This paper aims to propose and analyze a new model for calculating lightning-induced voltage, considering the effects of lightning channel inclination and soil conductivity under complex geographical and environmental conditions. Techniques based on transient electromagnetic field analysis and the finite element method were employed to study lightning-induced voltage on overhead lines, along with an examination of the thin wire modeling method’s applicability. The simulation results indicate that the inclination of the lightning channel significantly affects the induced voltage distribution, with a larger inclination leading to higher induced voltage. Additionally, soil conductivity plays a crucial role, where higher conductivity effectively reduces the induced voltage. The findings suggest that both the inclination of the lightning channel and soil conductivity should be considered critical factors in the design of transmission lines to enhance lightning resistance and operational reliability.