Optimization of low voltage ride-through control parameters for direct-drive wind turbines considering active power deficit and voltage dip area

Abstract In high-penetration renewable energy systems, faults cause voltage drops at wind turbine connection points, triggering a large number of turbines to enter Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) mode, resulting in a significant active power loss and impacting frequency stability. This paper, based on China’s wind power grid connection standards, analyzes the active and reactive power control strategies during the LVRT and recovery phases. It examines how wind turbine LVRT affects voltage stability and active power deficits. Through simulations of different control parameters, we identify the key factors influencing voltage and power deficits at the connection point. Finally, we optimize these parameters during the LVRT phase using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to minimize the combined active power deficit and voltage dip areas.