Refractive errors and latent squint patients

Heterophoria and refractive error have an effect of some of life styles` factors on them among students at the College of Health and Medical Techniques/Baghdad .The research was conducted on 100 students (49 males and 51 females) enrolleded from diffrenet departments of the College of Health and Medical Technologies/Baghdad. By using Snellen`s chart, visual acuity (V.A) were measured, while the refractive errors (RE) were measured by using a retinoscope and trial lenses case. Their heterophoria were examined by using the Maddox wing. The results revealed that all students had heterophoria (78 students had exophoria and 22 students had esophoria). The number of students who had Emmetropia was 21, while the number of students who had refractive errors was 79 (12 hyperopia, 16 myopias, 51 astigmatism). Therefore, the total number of students who had heterophoria and refractive errors was 79. On the other hand, astigmatism with heterophoria is the most familiar refractive error. We achieve these results contradict the study conducted in 2018, the results of which were that myopia is the utmost corporate refractive error in the world and the most thoroughly accompanying with heterophoria.