Heavy Metal Content of Lead (Pb) And Copper (Cu) in Green Mussels (<i>Perna Viridis</i>) in The Ancol Waters

Heavy metals represent a significant class of pollutants in marine ecosystems due to their persistence and tendency to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms and food chains. The green mussel ( Perna viridis ), a filter-feeding bivalve species abundant in Ancol Waters, is particularly vulnerable to heavy metal accumulation. This study investigates the levels of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) in green mussels collected from Ancol Waters between February and June 2024. Sampling included water, sediment, and mussel tissue, and heavy metal concentrations were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Results showed that Cu concentrations in water remained within acceptable environmental quality standards. However, Cu concentrations in mussel tissues exceeded permissible consumption limits in all months, while Pb levels surpassed the safety threshold only in February. Bioaccumulation assessment indicated that Pb in green mussels falls under the low accumulation category (BCF &lt;100), whereas Cu ranged from moderate (100–1000) to high (&gt;1000). Estimated safe consumption limits for mussel meat were 6.81 kg/week for children (15 kg body weight) and 22.74 kg/week for adults (50 kg body weight). These findings highlight potential health risks from long-term consumption and underscore the importance of regular monitoring of heavy metals in seafood from urban coastal areas.